Means for producing an air lining within a nozzle construction



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Nov. 11 1924 W. E. LEWIS MEANS FOR PRODUCING AN AIR LINING WITHIN ANOZZLE CONSTRUCTION Filed Maw 14. 192] Mum/'7 Patented Nov. 11, 1924 TOFFICE.

WILLIAM E. LEWIS, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

MEANS FOR PRODUCING AN AIR LINING WITHIN A NOZZLE CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed May 14, 1921. Serial No. 469,644.

To all whom it may concern: ,7

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. Lnwrs, a citizen of the United States,residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of Indiana,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Producing an Air Lining Within a Nozzle Construction, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to means for producing an air lining within anozzle construction, the nozzle being used primarily as a concentratorand eparator for metal ores, although it will be understood that thedevice can be used as a sand blast nozzle, or for separating and gradingparticles of matter according to their specific gravity, and especiallyparticles of an abrasive nature. and the prime feature of the inventionis the rovision of means for introducing an air bank or lining aroundthe wall of the bore through the nozzle so as to prevent the particlesthat are passing through the bore of the nozzle coming in contact withthe wall thereof, thereby reducing the wear and deterioration of theparts of the nozzle to a minimum.

A further feature of the invention is the provision of means forconducting the air forming the lining into the bore of the nozzle insuch manner as not to choke or retard the force and movement of theparticles being carried through the nozzle under either air, steam orhydraulic pressure. a

A further feature of the invention is the provision of means forutilizing the air forming the lining of the interior of the 11oz zleforadding momentum to the particles passing'through the nozzle andassisting in propelling the particles towards the discharge end of thenozzle, thereby eliminating any possibility of the particles congestingor leaving the nozzle in compact or uneven formation.

Other objects and advantages will be hereinafter more fully set forthand pointed out in the accompanying specification.

In the accompanying drawings, 7

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a nozzle,

Figure 2 is a front end elevation thereof,

Figure 3 is a longitudinal central sectional view as seen on line 3-3,Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view as seen on line 4-4, Figure 3,

ing means for controlling the passage of the one of the air utilized forforming the cushion into the nozzle.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates a housing which is preferablycylindrical and having a flange 2 at one end thereof, while the oppositeend of the housing is threaded into a cap 3 at the axis of which isformed an entrance opening 4, While the opposite end of the housing isprovided with a plate 5 having at its axis a discharge opening 6,preferably flared outwardly so that the particles discharging therefromwillnot come in contact with the wall of the plate. The plate 5 ispreferably provided with an inwardly extending bead 7 which enters a recess 8 in the endof the housing 1, said plate being held in engagementwith the end of the housing by threading a lock ring 9 into the flange2, the eripheral edge of the plate 5. and the'inner edge of the lockingring9 being so tapered that the wall of the ring will overhang'theperipheral wall of the plate 5 and exert wedging action thereagainstwhen the ring is turned into the flange.

In nozzles of this class a stream of air, steam or hydraulic pressure,is employed for carrying substances through the nozzle and withsufiicient force that the particles will be separated in accordance withtheir specific gravity upon discharge from the nozzle, or may be usedfor carrying sand or the like for discharging the same for polishingdiflerent surfaces, and owing to the force with which the particles arecarried through the nozzle rapid deterioration of the nozzle hasprevailed, especially when abrasive substances are carried through thenozzle.

To overcome this objectionable feature, and thereby greatly prolong thelife of the nozzle, air is entered through the wall of the housing andso discharged or entered into the bore of the nozzle through which theparticles are being forced, as to form a complete lining or cushion,thereby preventing the particles coming in direct contact with the wallsof the nozzle, and to this end a plurality of bars 10 are extendedlongitudinally of the housing 1, the inner edges of which are soterminated as to form a central bore 11 lengthwise of and through theaxial center of the housing while the outer edges of therbarsare spacedfrom the interior wall o-f the housing to form an air passage 12entirely around the series of bars. I i

In cross section, the bars 10 are substantially wedge shape and sopositioned that their inner edges will be tangential to the bore 11 andare spaced apart to form radial passages 13 between the bars, saidpassages also being substantially wedge shape and tangential to the bore11. Con'equently, the air entering thebore 11 through the radial air,passages 13 will circulate around the Wall ofthe bore 11 and form ablanket or cushion of air between the inner edges or thebars 10 and theparticles passing lengthwise through. the bore,this feature being moreclearly shown inFig'ure 2 of the drawingsfl l representing the aircushion and 15 the p articles being forced through thebore ofthe nozzle."To more evenly distribute the air form'ingthe cushion within the boreof the'noz'z'le andlimit thetwisting action tlie1eof,t lie' "bars 10 arearranged substantially clockwise "longitudinally and rifledcounterclockwise so 'thatthe air when discharging intoithe bore 11 fromthe air passages 13 will be-uniformly' distributed and thereby maintaina constant pressure substantiallythe full length ofrthe nozzle.

To prevent *the air employed for form ingthe aircushion from travelingdirectly from the air passage '12 through the air passages 18 into thebore 11, one face of each bar 1 0 is-provided with one or more ribs'lGwhich are curved from their outer to theirlower ends and-are inclinedtowards the discharge end of thenozzle, the ribs on one barbeingin'staggered relation with or out of alignmentwvith the ribs of thenext succeeding b'ar, consequentlythe air willbe distributed ordischarged into the bore at various pointsthroughout the length of "thehere, and by i inclining the ribs towards the dis ch'arge end off'thenozz-le the force of the air, "whenxdischaiige'd from the ribs, will tendto add "momentum to the particles passing *throu-gh the nozzle and willalso tend tO a dhere: to the wall of the bore 11 and will not congest'the particles passing through the bore, consequently the particles willleave the nozzleat a uniform flow and will not become bunched anddischarge intermittently.

The-ribs'ltl also serve to space. the bars'lO a uniform distanceapartand to hold them inrigidspaced relation.

Any suitable meansm'ay-be employed for anchoring the ends of the bars10, but in thepresent instance the ends of the bars are providedwithprojections 17-and18, which enter-pockets 1 9 and 20 inthe innerfaces of the cap-Sand plate 5 respectively. The

air for forming the cushion within the bord 11 preferably enters the airpassage 12 through tubes 21,.any desirable number of which may beemployed, and these tubes are preferably so inclined that the air willtrend towards 'the discharge end of the nozzle when dischargedtherefrom. If it is found desirable to more uniformly scatter the air asit enters the air passage 12, substantially inverted cone shape shields22 may be entered in the air passage 12 and in line with the dischargeend of the tubes 21, said shields having spring arms whichenageshoulders formed in the interior C r of the axis of the nozzle and maybe varied in length, although under most circumstances they will extendsubstantially the full length of the nozzle. The bore 11 may also bearranged flaring toward the discharge'end of the nozzle, if desired. Itwill also be understood that the bars 10 may be formed in the manner ofa cage instead: of being formed in separate elements.

Having thus fully described my said'invention, what I claim as new anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a nozzle construction a hollow hous ing, a plurality of spacedbars forming a bore longitudinally of said housing through whichparticles are conveyed at high velocity, andmeans for directing air intothe space between said housing and bars for forming a bank or cushion ofa-irbetween the particlespassingv through the nozzle and the wall of'thebore of the nozzle.

2. A'nozzle having an aXial-bore,-means for introducing particles intosaid bore, and a plurality of spiral air passages in overlappingrelation for introducing a rotating forwardly moving film of airinto'the bore of the nozzle betweenthe particles and the wallof-thebore, substantially as set forth.

3. In a nozzle construction, nozzle proper having a'bore'through whichparticles are conveyed under high velocity, means for conveying air intothe nozzle, meansfor discharging the air into the bore of the nozzle ina manner for causing the air to form a cushion or liningbetween the wallof the bore and the particleslbeing conveyed th'erethrough, means forcontrolling the action of the air-to-prevent the same from congesting orrestricting the particles passing through the bore, and meansfor causingthe air to assist in propelling the lUiF particles uniformly towards thedischarge endof the nozzle.

4. The combination with a nozzle structure having a bore therethrough,of means for conveying air into said nozzle construction, and means forcausing said air to enter said bore in a plurality of substantially thinsheets and tangentially to the axis of the bore.

5. In a nozzle construction, a housing, bars within said housingarranged to form a bore longitudinally of the nozzle, said bars beingarranged tangentially to the. axis of the bore and spaced apart to formair passages, and means for conveying air into said housing and throughsaid air passages between the bars whereby a bank or cushion of air willbe formed around the wall of the bore.

6. In a nozzle construction, a housing, a plurality of bars arrangedlongitudinally Within said housing and spaced theretroni to form acircumferential passage, said bars being arranged to form a borelongitudinally of the nozzle and spaced apart to form passagestangentially to the axis of the bore and means for conveying air intosaid housing and through said passages for forming an air cushion withinsaid bore.

7. In a nozzle construction, a housing, a

plurality of bars arranged longitudinally.

within the housing and spaced therefrom to form a circumferentialpassage, said bars being arranged to form a bore longitudinally of thenozzle and spaced apart to form passages tangentially to the axis of thebore, inlet tubes communicating with said circumferential passage andmeans for holding the bars in spaced relation.

8. In a nozzle construction, a cylindrical housing, a plurality of barsextending longitudinally of the housing and arranged to form a centralbore through the nozzle, said bars being spaced from the housing to forma circumferential air passage and spaced apart to form radial airpassages, said radial air passages lying tangentially to the axis of thebore, and a plurality of ribs for controlling the travel and dischargeof the air passing through the radial air passages into the bore forcausing the air to collect and form a lining around the wall of thebore, said ribs forming spacing members for the bars.

9. A nozzle construction comprising a housing having a bore throughwhich particles are conveyed at high velocity, means for conveying airinto said housing for forming an air cushion within said bore, and meansfor diilusing the air as it enters said housing.

10. A nozzle construction comprising a housing, a plurality of barswithin and spaced from the walls of said housing, said bars having airpassages therebetween eX tending longitudinally of the axis of saidnozzle, said bars being arranged to form a bore and means for conveyingair into said housing and through said air passages.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal atIndianapolis, Indiana, this 11th day of May, A. D. nineteen hundred andtwenty-one.

WILLIAM E. LEWIS.

